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	TELCO SERVICES ISDN T-1 DID Local Access Letters of Authorization Internet CABLING SERVICES DISASTER RECOVERY GLOSSARIES BELL CANADA'S BUSINESS SOLUTIONS

T-1 is a digital-transmission standard that describes transport, interfaces, and data-format options for moving information bi-directionally over paired loops at 1.544Mbps (megabits per second = 1,544,000 bits per second). A T-1 line actually consists of 24 individual channels, each of which supports 64Kbits per second. Each 64Kbps channel can be configured to carry voice or data traffic. Some telephone companies will allow you to buy just some of these individual channels, known as fractional T-1 access.

In the T-1 system, voice signals are sampled 8,000 times per second and each sample is digitized into an 8-bit word. With 24 channels being digitized at the same time, a 192-bit frame (24 channels each with an 8-bit word) is thus being transmitted 8,000 times per second. Each frame is separated from the next by a single bit, making a 193-bit block. The 192-bit frame multiplied by 8,000 and the additional 8,000 framing bits make up the T-1's 1.544 Mbps data rate.

T-1 lines are a popular leased line option for businesses connecting to the Internet and for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) connecting to the Internet backbone. The Internet backbone itself consists of faster T-3 connections.

In telephony, T-1 is most often used to connect phone systems with Telco central offices or long distance carrier points of presence. T-1 provides useful CO-to-switch signaling functions, like positive disconnect supervision, DNIS/DID and ANI.

Leased T-1 is also frequently used to connect phone systems together over distance (i.e. a main phone system and a remote-office extension), enabling a uniform dialing plan and feature uniformity at multiple locations. Nearby locations may save money by leasing spare pairs already in place and using xDSL equipment that transmits an encapsulated T-1 signal over this medium directly. Radio-frequency T-1 gear is also available, permitting T-1 applications to work over distances up to 30 miles, line of sight.

More and more frequently, the industry is seeing telephone system adjuncts that attach to PBXs by T-1. Conferencing systems, high port-count voicemail systems, and other adjuncts communicate better with PBXs over a local T-span than when they are hooked up by physical analog ports. In the data world, T-1s are networks into a WAN, and/or attach to a carrier for Internet access for example.

Generally, T-1s are used for fast, efficient and very reliable transmission of data; however, they can and are also used for voice traffic. T-1 lines are also sometimes referred to as DS1 lines.

As an authorized distributor of Bell Canada, Telanet Canada Inc. can provide you with more information about T-1 and offer you solutions to suit your business needs.

For more information, please e-mail us at sales@telanet.com.